bone disorders have emerged as a worrisome complication in hiv-infected patients in recent years. it is not clear that hiv infection itself or antiretroviral treatment or both are causes of bone loss. however, most studies have found a high prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis in hiv/aids patients. the objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis...

Currently, there are about 37 million people worldwide living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) /AIDS, with an estimated two million new cases per year globally. According to estimates from the World Health Organization (WHO), only 75% of the population with HIV know their status. Initially, HIV infection was associated with significantly increased rates of mortality and morbidity. Howeve...

abstract background and objective: highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart) can effectively prevent the progression of hiv-1 replication and increase life expectancy. there are numerous causes of treatment failure and the leading one is drug resistance. thus, we aimed to determine the hiv rt gene drug resistance mutations in patients treated with antiretroviral medications. material and met...